Bulbus Allii

Tóm tắt

Tỏi (Bulbus Allii sativi) là lá dự trữ được phơi khô của cây Tỏi (Allium sativum L.), họ Hành (Alliaceae). Cây phân bố rộng rãi trên khắp thế giới, đặc biệt ở các vùng nhiệt đới và ôn đới. Theo tài liệu cổ, tỏi có tính tân, ôn, quy vào các kinh phế, tỳ, vị. Tỏi đã được sử dụng từ lâu đời có tác dụng kháng khuẩn, kháng viêm, hạ cholesterol và tăng cường miễn dịch. Thành phần chính của tỏi gồm các hợp chất chứa lưu huỳnh như allicin, alliin và ajoene

I. Thông tin về dược liệu

Định danh

• Dược liệu tiếng Việt: Tỏi - Củ
• Dược liệu tiếng Trung: nan (nan)
• Dược liệu tiếng Anh: nan
• Dược liệu latin thông dụng: Bulbus Allii
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: nan
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: nan
• Dược liệu latin kiểu thông tư: nan
• Bộ phận dùng: Củ (Bulbus)

Mô tả dược liệu

Theo dược điển Việt nam V: nan

Mô tả dược liệu theo thông tư chế biến dược liệu theo phương pháp cổ truyền: nan

Chế biến

Chế biến theo dược điển việt nam V: nan

Chế biến theo thông tư: nan

II. Thông tin về thực vật

Dược liệu Tỏi - Củ từ bộ phận Củ từ loài Allium sativum.

Mô tả thực vật: Tập hợp các lá dự trữ (hành) quen gọi là củ gần hình cầu, đường kính 3 cm đến 5 cm, chứa khoảng 8 đến 20 hành con. Bao xung quanh củ gồm 2 đến 5 lớp lá vẩy trắng mỏng, do các bẹ lá trước tạo thành, gắn vào một đế hình cầu dẹt (thân hành). Các hành con hình trứng, 3 mặt đến 4 mặt, đỉnh nhọn, đế cụt. Mỗi hành con được phủ những lớp lá vẩy trắng và một lớp biểu bì màu trắng hồng dễ tách khỏi phần rắn bên trong. Các hành con xếp thành lớp quanh một sợi dài, đường kính 1 mm đến 3 mm mọc từ giữa đế. Phần rắn bên trong của các hành con chứa nhiều nước, mùi thơm, vị hăng và bền

Tài liệu tham khảo: Tài liệu khác Trong dược điển Việt nam, loài Allium sativum được sử dụng làm dược liệu.

Phân loại thực vật của Allium sativum

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Order: Asparagales

Family: Amaryllidaceae

Genus: Allium

Species: Allium sativum

Phân bố trên thế giới: Germany, nan, France, Switzerland, Czechia, Finland, Hungary, Spain, Poland, Mexico, Sweden, Australia, Belarus, Russian Federation, Estonia, Romania, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India, Türkiye, Ukraine, Latvia, United States of America, Pakistan, Algeria, Kazakhstan, Italy, Norway, Canada, Ecuador, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Austria

Phân bố tại Việt nam: Không có ghi nhận ở Việt Nam

III. Thành phần hóa học

Theo tài liệu của GS. Đỗ Tất Lợi: (1) Trong tỏi có một ít iốt và tinh dầu, alixin C6H10OS2, aliin (2) Tên hoạt chất biomaker: Allicin, Alliin, Ajoene

Theo cơ sở dữ liệu lotus, loài Allium sativum đã phân lập và xác định được 172 hoạt chất thuộc về các nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives, Dibenzylbutane lignans, Pyrans, Carboxylic acids and derivatives, Organic thiosulfuric acids and derivatives, Organic oxoanionic compounds, Sulfoxides, Organooxygen compounds, Indoles and derivatives, Glycerolipids, Thiosulfinic acid esters, Triphenyl compounds, Prenol lipids, Furanoid lignans, Purine nucleosides, Sulfonyls, Steroids and steroid derivatives, Organic disulfides, Fatty Acyls, Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives, Allyl sulfur compounds, Organic trisulfides, Flavonoids, Sphingolipids, Organic sulfuric acids and derivatives, Organic phosphoric acids and derivatives trong bảng dưới đây.

chemicalTaxonomyClassyfireClass	smiles_count
	128
Allyl sulfur compounds	177
Carboxylic acids and derivatives	1442
Cinnamic acids and derivatives	86
Dibenzylbutane lignans	116
Fatty Acyls	202
Flavonoids	519
Furanoid lignans	162
Glycerolipids	58
Indoles and derivatives	54
Organic disulfides	48
Organic oxoanionic compounds	15
Organic phosphoric acids and derivatives	33
Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives	13
Organic sulfuric acids and derivatives	50
Organic thiosulfuric acids and derivatives	19
Organic trisulfides	30
Organooxygen compounds	877
Prenol lipids	240
Purine nucleosides	103
Pyrans	25
Sphingolipids	806
Steroids and steroid derivatives	2643
Sulfonyls	18
Sulfoxides	103
Thiosulfinic acid esters	149
Triphenyl compounds	41

Danh sách chi tiết các hoạt chất như sau:

Nhóm **.

Nhóm Allyl sulfur compounds.

Nhóm Carboxylic acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Dibenzylbutane lignans.

Nhóm Fatty Acyls.

Nhóm Flavonoids.

Nhóm Furanoid lignans.

Nhóm Glycerolipids.

Nhóm Indoles and derivatives.

Nhóm Organic disulfides.

Nhóm Organic oxoanionic compounds.

Nhóm Organic phosphoric acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Organic sulfuric acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Organic thiosulfuric acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Organic trisulfides.

Nhóm Organooxygen compounds.

Nhóm Prenol lipids.

Nhóm Purine nucleosides.

Nhóm Pyrans.

Nhóm Sphingolipids.

Nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives.

Nhóm Sulfonyls.

Nhóm Sulfoxides.

Nhóm Thiosulfinic acid esters.

Nhóm Triphenyl compounds.

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IV. Tác dụng dược lý

Theo tài liệu quốc tế: nan

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V. Dược điển Việt Nam V

Soi bột

nan

Vi phẫu

nan

Định tính

nan

Định lượng

nan

Thông tin khác

• Độ ẩm: nan
• Bảo quản: nan

VI. Dược điển Hồng kong

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VII. Y dược học cổ truyền

nan

Tên vị thuốc: nan

Tính: nan

Vị: nan

Quy kinh: nan

Công năng chủ trị: nan

Phân loại theo thông tư: nan

Tác dụng theo y dược cổ truyền: nan

Chú ý: nan

Kiêng kỵ: nan

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm ** là [(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)-λ⁴-disulfanyl]methane (LTS0087364), (2z)-but-2-en-1-yl-λ⁴-disulfanylol (LTS0190764), (1e)-1-[(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)-λ⁴-disulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0072906), 1-[(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)-λ⁴-disulfanyl]propane (LTS0169114), (2e)-but-2-en-1-yl-λ⁴-disulfanylol (LTS0178952), (4e)-hexa-1,4-dien-3-yl-λ⁴-disulfanylol (LTS0074654), (4z)-hexa-1,4-dien-3-yl-λ⁴-disulfanylol (LTS0020251), (1z)-1-(methoxy-λ⁴-disulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0138094), (1e)-1-(methoxy-λ⁴-disulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0230354).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Allyl sulfur compounds là garlicin (LTS0050684), allyl propyl disulfide (LTS0050924), allyl methyl disulfide (LTS0004503), oil garlic (LTS0069687), prop-2-en-1-yl-λ⁴-disulfanylol (LTS0203521), diallyl tetrasulfide (LTS0005396), 3-(propylthio)propene (LTS0218893), 3-[(methoxysulfinyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0206233), 3-(methoxy-λ⁴-disulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0008651), 3-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yldisulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0022646), 3-(propoxy-λ⁴-disulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0111586), allyl pentasulfide (LTS0173905), 3-(prop-1-en-1-yldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0143200), bis(prop-2-en-1-yl)hexasulfane (LTS0272714), ethyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinate (LTS0253441), bis(prop-2-en-1-yl)heptasulfane (LTS0267309).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Carboxylic acids and derivatives là (2r)-2-amino-3-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]propanoic acid (LTS0078575), 2-amino-3-methanesulfinylpropanoic acid (LTS0056315), (2r)-2-amino-3-(propane-1-sulfinyl)propanoic acid (LTS0263475), (2r)-2-amino-3-(ethanesulfinyl)propanoic acid (LTS0208939), isoalliin (LTS0234401), 2-amino-3-(ethanesulfinyl)propanoic acid (LTS0022212), (2s)-2-amino-3-(prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl)propanoic acid (LTS0030025), alliin (LTS0015270), 2-amino-3-[(1z)-prop-1-ene-1-sulfinyl]propanoic acid (LTS0218728), l-valine (LTS0231703), (2r)-2-amino-3-methanesulfinylpropanoic acid (LTS0021122), allin (LTS0000756), l-methionine (LTS0196746), l-glutamic acid (LTS0037133), (2r)-2-amino-3-[(r)-prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl]propanoic acid (LTS0125648), l-serine (LTS0106692), l-alanine (LTS0042208), l-lysine (LTS0068734), d-methionine (LTS0108782), s-methylcysteine (LTS0201907), l-aspartic acid (LTS0205466), l-selenocysteine (LTS0034809), selenocysteine (LTS0162463), 2-amino-4-[(1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]butanoic acid (LTS0161892), s-allylcysteine (LTS0136939), (2s)-2-amino-4-{[(1r)-1-carboxy-2-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-ylsulfanyl]ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0086027), se-methylselenocysteine (LTS0239727), 2-amino-4-{[1-carboxy-2-(prop-1-en-1-ylsulfanyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0052570), 3-carboxy-5-methylthiomorpholin-1-ium-1-olate (LTS0003262), alliin (LTS0012435), l-tyrosine (LTS0029981), (2s)-2-amino-4-{[(1r)-1-(carboxymethyl-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)-2-sulfanylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0008500), (2s)-2-amino-4-{[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0250484), l-threonine (LTS0184056), 2-(prop-2-en-1-yldisulfanyl)ethanimidic acid (LTS0113306), l(+)-citrulline (LTS0065454), 2-amino-4-{[1-carboxy-2-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfanyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0100045), l-proline (LTS0090383), d-phenylalanine (LTS0048920), l-isoleucine (LTS0249538), (+,-)-selenomethionine (LTS0150888), (2s)-2-(phenylamino)propanoic acid (LTS0199539), l-cystine (LTS0192149), d-aspartic acid (LTS0144001), d-alanine (LTS0272178), d-cystine (LTS0177923), l glutamine (LTS0263175), l-arginine (LTS0064737), l-ornithine (LTS0093444), 2-amino-4-{[1-carboxy-2-(prop-2-en-1-yldisulfanyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0239254), abu (LTS0208699), aspartamate (LTS0243014), (2s)-2-amino-4-{[(1r)-1-carboxy-2-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfanyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0055613), (2s)-2-amino-4-{[(1r)-1-carboxy-2-(prop-2-en-1-yldisulfanyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}butanoic acid (LTS0019976), l-selenomethionine (LTS0227125), l-leucine (LTS0113423), l-histidine (LTS0094081).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Cinnamic acids and derivatives là ferulic acid (LTS0077328), para-coumaric acid (LTS0266252), (2e)-n-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enimidic acid (LTS0145453).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Dibenzylbutane lignans là (2s,3r)-2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)(¹³c)methylbutane-1,4-diol (LTS0268699), secoisolariciresinol (LTS0086727).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Fatty Acyls là linoleic (LTS0013198), icosa-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenoic acid (LTS0107446), etherolenic acid (LTS0219721), eicosapentaenoic acid (LTS0174675), (9z,11e)-12-[(1e)-hex-1-en-1-yloxy]dodeca-9,11-dienoic acid (LTS0211112), arachidonic acid (LTS0241153).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Flavonoids là 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-oxidophenyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium (LTS0083222), cyanidin 3-glucoside (LTS0217835), chrysanthemin (LTS0221391), 3-{[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-6-{[(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy]methyl}-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium (LTS0186341), 3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4-[(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy]-6-{[(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy]methyl}-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium (LTS0132043), 3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4-[(2-carboxyacetyl)oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium (LTS0207967).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Furanoid lignans là matairesinol (LTS0193475), pinoresinol (LTS0057431), lariciresinol (LTS0010950).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Glycerolipids là [(2s,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methanesulfonic acid (LTS0146582).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Indoles and derivatives là 1-methyl-2h,3h,8h,8ah-pyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-3a-ol (LTS0245542), l-tryptophan (LTS0263809).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic disulfides là propyl disulfide (LTS0151977), 1-(prop-1-en-1-yldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0009480), 1-(methyldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0102193), methyl propenyl disulfide (LTS0066757), (1e)-1-[(1e)-prop-1-en-1-yldisulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0184194).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic oxoanionic compounds là 1-hydroxy-1-(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)-1λ⁶-disulfen-1-one (LTS0262385).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic phosphoric acids and derivatives là o-phosphoethanolamine; bis(nonane) (LTS0249963).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic sulfonic acids and derivatives là 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (LTS0101689).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic sulfuric acids and derivatives là prop-2-en-1-yl 3-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfanyl)prop-2-en-1-yl sulfate (LTS0146386), prop-2-en-1-yl (2e)-3-(prop-2-en-1-ylsulfanyl)prop-2-en-1-yl sulfate (LTS0142449).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic thiosulfuric acids and derivatives là 3-[(prop-2-en-1-yloxysulfonyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0088695).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organic trisulfides là allyl trisulfide (LTS0055014), allyl methyl trisulfide (LTS0190743), 1-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-3-(prop-2-en-1-yl)trisulfane (LTS0106388).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organooxygen compounds là sucrose (LTS0272557), raffinose (LTS0113066), (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[3-(3-{[(3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}propoxy)propoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0157972), 3,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione (LTS0110247), (2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0183884), β-d-galactopyranuronic acid (LTS0271461), amylose (LTS0110579), stachyose (LTS0062089), (3s,4s,5r,6s)-5-{[(2s,3s,4s,5r,6s)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4-triol (LTS0137131).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Prenol lipids là (2r)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4s,8s)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-1-benzopyran-6-ol (LTS0130040), [(1s,4s,5r,6s,8r,9r,13s,16s,18s)-11-ethyl-8,9-dihydroxy-4,6,16,18-tetramethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.1²,⁵.0¹,¹⁰.0³,⁸.0¹³,¹⁷]nonadecan-13-yl]methyl 2-aminobenzoate (LTS0153720), vitamin e (LTS0263269).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Purine nucleosides là adenosine (LTS0014061), ribonucleoside (LTS0044502).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Pyrans là allixin (LTS0115650).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Sphingolipids là (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]hexadecanimidic acid (LTS0055771), (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadec-4-en-2-yl]hexadecanimidic acid (LTS0217809), (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]pentadecanimidic acid (LTS0157949), (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]tetradecanimidic acid (LTS0268925), 2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl)tetradecanimidic acid (LTS0181919), 2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadec-4-en-2-yl)hexadecanimidic acid (LTS0156651), 2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl)pentadecanimidic acid (LTS0026005), (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8z)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]hexadecanimidic acid (LTS0070116), 2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl)hexadecanimidic acid (LTS0121977).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives là f-gitonin (LTS0178831), 2-[(2-{[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{5,7’,9’,13’-tetramethyl-5’-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6’-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan]-15’-oloxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0246709), 2-{[2-({2-[(4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-(3-methyl-4-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl)-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl}oxy)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0091121), 2-({2-[(6-{[6,19-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-(3-methyl-4-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl)-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-4-yl}oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0033267), 2-({2-[(2-{[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{5,7’,9’,13’-tetramethyl-5’-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6’-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosane]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl)oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl}oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0169868), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(1r,2s,4r,6r,7s,8r,9s,12s,13s,16s,18s)-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3r)-3-methyl-4-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0146809), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1’r,2s,2’s,4’s,5r,7’s,8’r,9’s,12’s,13’s,15’r,16’r,18’s)-5,7’,9’,13’-tetramethyl-5’-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6’-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan]-15’-oloxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0224120), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-6-{[(1r,2s,4s,6s,7s,8r,9s,12s,13r,16s,18s,19r)-6,19-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3r)-3-methyl-4-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-4-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0031713), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1’r,2r,2’s,4’s,5r,7’s,8’r,9’s,12’s,13’s,16’s,18’s)-5,7’,9’,13’-tetramethyl-5’-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6’-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosane]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0250523), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-{[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[(1r,2s,4r,6r,7s,8r,9s,12s,13s,16s,18s)-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-[(3r)-3-methyl-4-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl]-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0252837), 2-[(2-{[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1’r,2r,2’s,4’s,8’s,9’s,12’r,13’s,18’s)-5,7’,9’,13’-tetramethyl-5’-oxaspiro[oxane-2,6’-pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosane]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy}-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0108173), 2-({2-[(4,5-dihydroxy-6-{[6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-(3-methyl-4-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}butyl)-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl)oxy]-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl}oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0010867).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Sulfonyls là 3-[(prop-2-ene-1-sulfonyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0190924).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Sulfoxides là (z)-ajoene (LTS0148764), ajoene (LTS0118127), 3-{[3-(prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl)prop-1-en-1-yl]disulfanyl}prop-1-ene (LTS0097898), 3-{[(1e)-3-[(r)-prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl]prop-1-en-1-yl]disulfanyl}prop-1-ene (LTS0126255).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Thiosulfinic acid esters là allicin (LTS0248420), (1e)-1-(methanesulfinylsulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0040661), {[(1e)-prop-1-ene-1-sulfinyl]sulfanyl}methane (LTS0191876), [(prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl)sulfanyl]methane (LTS0214069), 3-{[(1e)-prop-1-ene-1-sulfinyl]sulfanyl}prop-1-ene (LTS0077006), (1e)-1-[(prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl)sulfanyl]prop-1-ene (LTS0097985), 3-(methanesulfinylsulfanyl)prop-1-ene (LTS0000272), 3-{[(s)-prop-2-ene-1-sulfinyl]sulfanyl}prop-1-ene (LTS0090444).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Triphenyl compounds là 2-amino-3-[(triphenylmethyl)sulfanyl]propanoic acid (LTS0024342).